Essay about Unbderage Drinking - 934 Words

Is Underage Drinking a Big Issue in the United States? Teenagers rarely think before they do many things. Many times teenagers go to big blowouts or little get together with their friends. Their first thought is not about death, their grades, or alcoholism; their main purpose is to get drunk fast and sober up before going home by their set curfews. Each year most teen deaths have been caused from underage drinking in the United States, which is a big topic that the government is trying to prevent from happening. The government has set the drinking age to 21 but how are teens getting there alcohol? Teens are using fake Id’s to get their alcohol or even asking adults to purchase it for them, because of this, underage drinking has become a†¦show more content†¦At parties, teenagers have an average of 5 or more beers in one night. In the United States teenage drinking has become a major problem, with about 3.3 million teens as problem drinkers. â€Å"1/4 of all 7th through 12th graders admit to drinking at least once a weekà ¢â‚¬ . About 40% of 12th graders said they had one episode of heavy drinking in the past two weeks (Bender50). Excessive drinking can lead to teenage alcoholism. People who begin drinking at the age of 15 are four-times more likely to develop alcoholism than those who start drinking at the age of 21. Most teens take their first drinks at the age of 13. Alcoholism begins by first tasting, then social drinking, next abusive drinking, and last becoming a problem drinker or alcoholic. Most teenagers do not know why they drink but most do anyway. Peer pressure has a lot to do with teen drinking because sometimes it’s hard to say no when your around friends. President Reagan signed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act into law on July 17, 1984. The act strongly encourages states to have laws prohibiting the â€Å"purchase and public possession† of alcoholic beverages by anyone under 21 years of age by withholding a portion of federal-aid highway funds from state without such laws. Most U.S. states have the Age- 21 law, but in Louisiana you can be 19 to enter a bar. Because of this law,

Critical Thinking Reasoning Is Relevant And Reliable Essay

1. Critical thinking means to think correctly in to find knowledge that is relevant and reliable. The critical thinking process consists of reasoning which is the process in which we think. This way of thinking has several different aspects. Reasoning is done from a certain point of view and based on data, information and evidence. Reasoning is expressed through and shapes by concepts and ideas. Reasoning also uses inferences and interpretations to draw conclusions and give meaning to data. When it comes to critical thinking reasoning is not the only part of critical thinking. When thinking critically it is important to have clarity which has to do with elaborations, thinking using different points and examples. Accuracy is also important. It is crucial that the information being presented is true. When thinking critically there must be an aspect of precision and relevance. Precision requires that we are specific and have plentiful details. Relevance is ensuring the information is co nnected to the question at hand. Another crucial aspect is depth. It is important to address the complexities of the question presented. Breadth is another important part because it considers looking at the question a different way with different points of view. Lastly, but also very important there must be logic behind critical thinking. Using logic is what ensures that your thinking makes sense and can be followed. 2. A. A liberal arts education provides students with a broad knowledge of theShow MoreRelatedThe Elements of Critical Thinking Essay541 Words   |  3 PagesCritical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skilfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing and/or evaluating information gathered from or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. (Foundation for Critical Thinking, 2011) Critical thinking consists of elements such as reasoning and intellectual standards that enable logical analysis to take place thus leading to impartial conclusionsRead More Thinking and Decision Making Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesThinking and Decision Making When it comes to the reasoning and problem solving of any issue there are various ways to come to a decision; thinking is the mental process that allows the people in the world to deal with it effectively, according to set goals, plans, ideas, and desires. Thinking involves the gathering of information that forms concepts and engages in problem solving, reasoning, and making precise decisions for the benefit of whom is concerned. Thinking according to Kirby andRead MoreExamination Skills Help Win Good Points788 Words   |  4 PagesName: Yuguo Hou The education I received during my growth request only simply memorize the texts like a sea sponge, lacking of creativity and critical thinking, blindly absorbing any and all information and spewing it all out during the tests. After the last class, a sentence keep show up in my mind, â€Å"critical thinking, what I need the most!† Here, I’d like to talk about the four statements aggregately. When we were undergraduate students, we spent most of the time to learn, and the knowledgeRead MoreThe Collegiate Learning Assessment ( Cla )782 Words   |  4 Pagesadministered after an individual graduates from a post-secondary institution. It is designed to measure functional skills as opposed to discipline-specific tasks. Through performance and analytical writing tasks, students illustrate their critical thinking, analytic reasoning, written communication, and problem-solving skills. After completing the assessment, the graduate can then use the results to market themselves on the job market. Use of Instrument (Population and what does it measure?) The populationRead MoreMy Interpretation Of Critical Thinking1482 Words   |  6 PagesMy interpretation of Critical Thinking has been challenged by the author of this passage by the dean of college arts and sciences of Santa Carla University author and narrator Peter A Facione. I have come to the conclusion that my initial thoughts of what critical thinking was way off. The author has the reader asking himself questions, and forming scenarios where we actually had to use critical thinking. I think this method of understanding is a great way to teach new readers. Right off the batRead MoreAnalysis of Leadership Ethics, by Lamar Odom 1176 Words   |  5 Pageswith this concept is that it requires leaders to embrace a certain way of thinking and to use ethical strategies that will enhance their reasoning through complex ethical situations. While it is indeed true that leaders should engage ethical reasoning when facing such situations, such reasoning cannot be taught and may be inap propriate in some situations. In some cases, what seems to be the right thing based on ethical reasoning may be the unsuitable course of action when examined properly (Odom, 2010Read MoreThe Importance Of Being A Care Manager869 Words   |  4 Pagesof distraction. Having strong writing skills is a process and the more I work at it, the better I will become. Utilize a process approach to writing that involves critical thinking, drafting, and revising Writing is indeed a process that requires practice and tenacity. It is imperative for a writer to have strong critical thinking skills in order to tame the drafting and revising elements. Writing requires brainstorming, outlining, have an understanding of basic grammar rules in order to articulateRead MoreCritical Thinking Is A Natural Process1593 Words   |  7 PagesThinking is a natural process, however when left to itself, it is often distorted, unorganised, self serving, uninformed, and possibly biased. According to Scriven and Paul (1987) critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In a simplistic viewRead MoreDown Fall Of The Critical Thinking887 Words   |  4 PagesDown Fall of The Critical Thinking â€Å"Believe what you like, but don t believe everything you read without questioning it† Quoted Pauline Baynes. Living in the world surrounded by billions of people and the information age, the society necessitates people to figure out whether the information is accurate to reason what we know. Everyone has their own view and perspective; each has their own beliefs and understanding of the world around them. This is where critical thinking comes to action. It isRead MoreCritical Opinion On Critical Thinking1401 Words   |  6 Pagesrequire us to employ critical thinking. Critical thinking is an important skill burden of responsibility of ensuring the problems of a contemporary society are understood and well interpreted and a solution presented. As long as he or she resides in a contemporary society, he or she, must, therefore, ensure that he or she meets this responsibility. 　　　　People who engage in critical thinking tend to provide good evidence and reasoning for the opinions they hold. Critical thinking also enables people

Nursing Bullying Essay - 1248 Words

Running head: IMPACT OF NURSE TO NURSE BULLYING The Impact of Nurse to Nurse Bullying in the Workplace The Impact of Nurse to Nurse Bullying in the Workplace Have you ever been a target of an individual’s cruelty and hatred? It does not necessarily have to be physical, but more like being verbally degraded or publicly humiliated. The effects bullying can have on its victims is something that may last throughout their lives, or something that may end their life(Braithwaite, Hyde, Pope, 2010).We all are well aware of childhood bullying but as evidence shows bullying does not stop on the†¦show more content†¦Nurse bullying is not limited to the new nurses being the victims. Bully behavior is a learned process and a choice. A new nurse might observe and embrace the bully behavior in hopes to fit in a little bit more (Rocker, 2008). Cliques may form on nursing floors which are the vehicles for nurse bullying. Cliques help a bully hide and gain support. It seems easier for people to join the group instead of fighting against it (Rocker, 2008). This is why workplace bullying is a growing statistic. The Impact of Nurse to Nurse Bullying Nurses spend most of their thirteen hour shifts being pulled in multiple directions. After days and days of this happening, a nurse can begin to feel worn down and stressed. There are many nurses that find it in them to stick with it, while others feel overwhelmed and burned out and end up quitting. Nurses already have a stressful job but when you add bullying into the mix, it just becomes unbearable for some (Brown, 2010). Bullying can produce and maintain a poisonous work environment. Nurses who bully can wear down the job satisfaction of their co workers which can result in a loss of productivity and increased absences in the workplace (Stokowski, 2010). Victims of bullying often have a feeling of impending doom and dread when they think about their upcoming work days. Each time the bullying reoccurs, the victims usuallyShow MoreRelatedBullying in Nursing838 Words   |  3 PagesIn a profession where caring is the epicenter of the job, it is disconcerting to see a high occurrence of bullying in the nursing environment. Lateral bullying and lateral violence are terms used to describe bullying, uncivil behavior, disrespect, social devaluing, peer control and verbal, physical and emotional abuse occurring between nurses and or colleagues (Ceravolo et al., 2012). Abusive behaviors from a superior are considered vertical or hierarchal violence and are commonly seen when the superiorRead MoreBullying At The Nursing Profession845 Words   |  4 Pages Bullying in the Nursing Profession Carli Jessop Flathead Valley Community College Bullying is a term that many associate with children and while this has been recognized as a serious issue in schools across the country, such conduct unfortunately does not stop there. It has been said that nurses eat their young and while this may sound particularly extreme, bullying as well as lateral and vertical violence in the nursing profession has been an ongoing and increasingly prevalent issueRead MoreWorkplace Bullying And Its Impact On The Nursing Profession1421 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace bullying is a growing problem in the American workplace and the Nursing Profession no exception. Addressing workplace bullying and its impact on the nursing profession is paramount to upholding patient safety and decreasing nursing attrition rates. Defining the problem is the first step in addressing it. In the past, workplace bullying was referred to as â€Å"Nurses eating their young.† There are many names for the various levels of workplace bullying like horizontal and lateral violenceRead MoreEssay on Bullying Within the Nursing Profession in Australia2313 Words   |  10 PagesWorkplace bullying is increasingly being recognised as a serious problem in society. Reports from the general media and professional press suggest that there is increasing evidence that the scale of bullying, harassment and violence amongst health care staff is widespread (UNISON, 2003). Chaboyer, Najman, and Dunn (2001) explain that although nursing in Australia is now considered a profession, the use of horizontal violence, bullying and aggression in nursing interactions has been identified asRead MoreBullying And The Nursing World : What Is It? Who Is Affected? How Do We Fix It1721 Words   |  7 PagesBullying in the Nursing World: What is It? Who is Affected? How Do We Fix It? Of all professions, nursing has been consistently ranked as the most honest and ethical of all professions polled. In fact, this year our profession was ranked the most honest and ethical for the thirteenth year in a row (Sachs Jones, 2014). But for our consistent rankings, there is a quiet festering problem that has been growing among us; a problem that has largely been disregarded as too infrequent to worry aboutRead MorePublic Schools Should Be Able to Regulate Bullying Essay example1356 Words   |  6 Pagesteasing. When one reads these words, the first thing that we might associate it with is bullying. Whether or not we have experienced it ourselves, we have at least heard about it. However, as technology advances, so does the method of bullying. Today in our world that is run by technology, the modern method of bullying is called cyber bullying. The most recent definition of this is, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦This type of bullying allows the per petrator to hide behind a computer screen or a phone screen and harass theirRead MoreWorkplace Bullying Can Take On Many Forms. Lateral Violence845 Words   |  4 Pages Workplace bullying can take on many forms. Lateral violence among nurses is a common example of workplace mistreatment, which affects individual nurses, patient’s care, and the ethical climate of an organization. In 2008, The Joint Commission released a sentinel alert addressing lateral violence, stating, â€Å"Intimidating and disruptive behaviors can foster medical errors, contribute to poor patient satisfaction and to preventable adverse outcomes, increase the cost of care, and cause qualified cliniciansRead MoreThe Debate On Traditional Bullying And Cyber Bullying1152 Words   |  5 Pagesan easier access to the Internet, the more difficult it gets to control people’s outburst. Many people wonder, â€Å"What is the difference between traditional bullying and cyber bullying?† â€Å"What i s cyber bullying?† Traditional bullying is when a person is bullying another person face to face. However, with cyber bullying is different. Cyber bullying occurs through out social media and on the Internet. Once in a while I overhear a person questioning about how teens and young kids use social media likeRead MoreThe Necessity of Anti Bullying Laws1381 Words   |  6 PagesBullying can lead to many unwanted, harmful consequences for both the t victim and tbe perpetrator. There are many actions that are considered bullying as well as many different types of bullying, yet bullying laws already in place seem to be only consider specific types of bullying. If more thorough laws were put into place, instances of bullying would decrease to some degree. Therefore, the state or federal government should put bullying prevention laws into place. Bullying can take place inRead Morebullying Essay794 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿1. What is the main idea presented in Lee Tunstalls article? (2marks) The main idea in Lee Tunstalls article is how bullying impacts our society. Tunstall given information on bullying in school, cyberbullying and in the workplace. Lee Tunstall explains how important bullying is as a crime and how people are constantly affected by bullying. 2. Overall, is Lee Tunstalls article biased? If you think it is, describe how you know they are biased. If you think it isnt, describe how Tunstall avoids

Counselling Reflection - 1203 Words

RUNNING HEAD: Reflection on counseling 1 Reflection on counseling session recording Chua Ci Jie Introduction to Counselling James Cook University, Singapore Reflection on counseling Reflection on counseling Counseling is interpreted as a therapeutic practice of utilizing dialogue to assist clients in better understand and coping with their individual problems or health issues (Counseling, 2003). The individuality of the counselor has been extensively regarded as a vital tool in the provision of productive counselling sessions (Pieterse, Lee, Ritmeester Collins, 2013) and has commonly introduced as â€Å"self as instrument† (Baldwin, 2000; McWilliams, 2004 as cited in Pieterse, Lee, Ritmeester Collins, 2013). Therefore, the†¦show more content†¦I make sure to maintain high levels eye contact, adopt a slightly leaning forward posture with frequent nods to make the client feel attended (Fretz Bruce, 1966). Unfortunately, a handshake could have been incorporated before the start of session to further express warmth and professionalism. When a formal discussion on the client’s issues was pursued, a relatively long a nd awkward pause was Reflection on counseling noticed. In correspondence to the second micro skill of â€Å"client observation†, judging from the 3 nature of the question and client’s facial expression (Quindlen, 2013), it can be suggested the client is experiencing sadness or emotional pain and exhibiting behavior of withdrawal into self. The above situation implies the inappropriate or poor use of the third micro skill, â€Å"Questioning†. Instead of directly questioning the relationship with the client’s spouse, an alternative could be encouraging the client to talk about her family. To make corrections for the distressing question, I offered tea to the client with the purpose of dispelling, disrupting negative thoughts and calming the client with the natural benefits of tea (Sutter, 2012). Keeping in mind the sensitivity of the client’s relationship with her spouse, I proceed to the middle stage of the counseling session to confront her problems. Middle stage of counseling session Continuing on from the long awkward pause, I acknowledged the client’s poor relationship with her spouse and carryShow MoreRelatedReflection Of A Counselling Session1646 Words   |  7 Pages Practice counselling sessions are a great way for counsellors to continue to learn and grow, reflect on their counselling style, and get feedback from other professionals on areas of improvement. In this essay I will look at my own counselling session video, and give an overall summary of the session and the skills I demonstrated throughout. I will also reflect on the effectiveness of the skills used and the areas that I can continue to improve on. After reviewing my practice session, I believeRead MoreReflection On Counselling735 Words   |  3 PagesI am thankful that you came to see me today. Before we can start with our session, there are a couple of things that I first need to run through with you. Is that okay? Client answers. (Yes/no) Great. I am currently studying my Diploma in Counselling. This session is for training purposes, therefore, my trainer and an external moderator may have access to the recording of our session. This might influence the information you feel free to share with me today. The purpose of the recording is toRead MoreEvaluation And Critical Analysis Of A 25 Minute Counselling Session2452 Words   |  10 Pagesanalysis of a 25 minute counselling session, titled Travel broadens the mind: An interview with ‘Jane’ on the 30/04/2016. A Rogerian style of counselling was used as this involves congruence or genuineness, empathy and unconditional positive regard (Geldard Geldard, 2012) an analysis of the interview in respect to these aspects is discussed .This structure of the interview was influenced by a review of different counselling microskills and was loosely based on the Counselling Interview Rating FormRead MoreThe Belief Systems That May Have An Impact On The Therapeutic Pro cess2147 Words   |  9 PagesSystems in Case Scenarios – reflective writing I am submitting a paper on counsellors’ belief systems that may have an impact on the therapeutic process. This paper discusses my perspective of two case studies with different scenarios and is via my reflection of the cases. The aim and goal will be to learn to write as the third person and gain insight. The method I will discuss will be from placing me in the shoes of the counsellors’, and walking in their shoes. Ricoeur calls this a ‘narrative commitment’Read MoreReflective Reflection Essay999 Words   |  4 Pagesoutcomes. This essay will focus on how reflective practice is critical for professional life, and how the use of reflection and theory can be used by counselling practitioners to inform their practice. Reflective practice is a complex concept and has many alternate definitions and understandings of what reflective practice actually means. By breaking down the two parts and defining reflection as â€Å"serious thought or consideration†, and practice as â€Å"the actual application or use of an idea, belief, orRead MoreReflective Critique790 Words   |  4 Pagespractice. Counsellors need not only to be conscious of their abilities, facts and presentation as professionals, but also wary of any private aspects that may mess with or obstruct their capability to supply an efficient and objective service. Counselling professionals in their everyday practice encounter unique and difficult circumstances which may be impossible to resolve by only scientific rationale approaches. Any counsellor employing the technique of reflective practice knows that this is asRead MoreSelf Reflection Essays817 Words   |  4 Pages  Self- ­Ã¢â‚¬ Observations   and   Self- ­Ã¢â‚¬    Reflections    Maximum   1000   words   each   term    The   purpose   of   these   three   reports   is   to   demonstrate   how   you   have   used   the   learning   journal   to    develop   your   self- ­Ã¢â‚¬ awareness   from   term   to   term.   (See   Section   11   about   the   Learning   Journal)    Each   report   is   due   at   the   first   class   meeting   after   each   reading   week.    Guidelines:    The   Reports   should   include   your   reflections   about:       Read MoreReflective Essay On Counselling1690 Words   |  7 Pagesapplied to a counselling roleplay and applied content over the duration of the module. Furthermore, identifying what has been covered and what has not been covered in the roleplay, its strengths, weaknesses, what needs developing and how it can help as counsellors within the field. The first topic will reflect on the skills and attributes that have been applied to the roleplay and how it has been beneficial. The second topic will be a critical analysis on the roleplay conducted during counselling focusingRead MoreNursing reflection.12855 Words   |  52 PagesReflective Essay This essay will look at reflection on a critical incident that has promoted a positive outcome. It is not a very major incident but it stands out as it has a potential for learning. This essay will identify and explain Johns (1994) model of reflection and explain what reflection is and why reflective practice is necessary and how it can be used. Schone (1983) recommended reflection on critical incidence as a valuable term, sited in Ghaye and Lillyman (1997) a critical incidentRead MoreLetter For My Client s Confidentiality1868 Words   |  8 Pagesemulate. However, I recall struggling to maintain eye contact with Carol because every couple of minutes I would look down to ensure the tape recorder was in fact recording or check my watch to track how much time had elapsed and determine what counselling skills I should be using next. Add on catching myself not smiling or head-nodding every so often and I’m sure Carol noticed that I was distracted and probably mistook this as I di d not care to listen to her. Reflecting back, I believe it would have

A study into Biodiesel as an alternative fuel Free Essays

Except for hydroelectricity and nuclear energy, the majority of the present-day world’s energy needs are fulfilled by fossil fuels such as petrochemical fuels, coal and various natural gases. These fossil fuels sources are finite and judging from the current usage rates are in danger of depleting shortly. Also the two renewable sources used currently i. We will write a custom essay sample on A study into Biodiesel as an alternative fuel or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. hydroelectricity and nuclear energy cannot be used as fuels in transport vehicles majority of which are run using fossil fuels. Because of the large and increasing levels of energy requirement demands in both the industrial and domestic sector, as well as the increased pollution problems because of using fossil fuels have made it necessary to develop renewable energy sources that would last limitlessly and would cause less harm to the environment than the traditional fossil fuels. This requirement has fueled the interest in alternative sources to petroleum-based fuels. One such alternative is to use oils of plant origin which is known as biodiesel. Biodiesel is a biodegradable and non-toxic fuel and has low emission profiles as compared to petroleum diesel (Meher, Vidyasagar Naik, 2004:249-250). Using converted vegetable oils and animal fats as an alternative to Petrol-Diesel fuel has been around for decades. In fact the use vegetable oil for diesel engines is almost as old as the diesel engine itself. The original Diesel engine was designed to run on cheap vegetable oils. The engine was commonly demonstrated running on peanut oil. Most of the present day diesel engines can in fact run on biodiesel without using any special equipment. The importance of biodiesel as an attractive fuel is increasing due to the depletion of fossil fuel resources (Knothe, Dunn Bagby, n.d:1). This dissertation is a study into the use of biodiesel as an alternative to petroleum-based fuels by focusing on the various aspects of biodiesel and its use. The study will focus on understanding the various reasons for going in for alternative fuels in detail, study the engine performance using biodiesel fuels, assess the compatibility of biodiesel and fossil fuels, study the production process of biodiesel in detail, analyze the emission levels using biodiesel as fuel, and study the advantages and limitations of using biodiesel. What is Biodiesel? Biofuels can be defined as liquid fuels produced from biomass for either transport or burning purposes. They can be produced from agricultural and forest products, and biodegradable portion of industrial and municipal waste. It is generally held that biofuels offer many benefits, including sustainability, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and security of supply. Various scenarios have led to the conclusion that biofuels will be in widespread use in the future energy systems. Biofuels can be converted into liquid and gaseous fuels through thermo-chemical and biological methods. Hence, a variety of fuels can be produced from biomass resources including liquid fuels such as methanol, biodiesel and Fischer-Tropsch diesel, and gaseous fuels such as hydrogen and methane. Biofuels are primarily use din vehicles but can also be used in engines or fuels cells for electricity generation. The figure below shows the types of biofuels. Definitions The term biodiesel is a combination of two terms: the Greek word for life ‘bio’ and ‘diesel’ from the last name of the inventor Rudolf Diesel. The term refers to the diesel equivalent, processed fuel derived from biological sources. It is a cleaner-burning diesel replacement fuel made from natural and renewable sources such as new and used vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel is the name for a variety of ester-based oxygenated fuels from renewable biological sources. It can be made from processed organic oils and fats. Chemically, biodiesel is defined as the monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from renewable biolipids. In general terms, biodiesel may be defined as a domestic, renewable fuel for diesel engines derived from natural oils like soybean oil that meets the specifications of ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) D 6751. While in technical terms, biodiesel is a diesel engine fuel comprised of monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, designated B100 and meeting the requirements of ASTM D 6751 (Demirbas, 2008:114; Shrivastava Jain published in Kumar Nehar 2007:32). Properties of Biodiesel Biodiesel is a clear amber-yellow colored liquid with a viscosity similar to that of petrodiesel. Biodiesel is non-inflammable and in contrast to petrodiesel is non-explosive, with a flash point of 423K for biodiesel as compared to 337K for petrodiesel. Unlike, petrodiesel, biodiesel is biodegradable and non-toxic and also significantly reduces toxic and other emissions when burned in a fuel. However, it is more expensive than petrodiesel, which appears to be the primary factor in preventing its more widespread use (Demirbas, 2008:115). The figure below shows the main technical properties of biodiesel. How to cite A study into Biodiesel as an alternative fuel, Papers

Marketing Lamy free essay sample

Marketing Case Study Lamy Case Study Analysis of Marketing Strategies Segmentation Lamy is acting very successful in their core business of writing instruments. Their relevant market is separated into 50 % of fountain pens and the other half of ballpoint pens and others. The demographic customer aspects are especially focused on age. The initial writing target group represents children between five and seven years. In addition the advanced writing target group include young and schoolchildren. The last target group of adults is concentrated on personal accessory and design.The aspects of income and profession also seems to play an important part of market segmentation. Lamy sells pens from 4â‚ ¬ to 400â‚ ¬ in public and thus covers all target groups of the society, from manager and office employees to a normal housewife. Above of all, the fountain pain is seen as an status symbol for most of the adult users. Therefore people with a higher income would prefer to buy a very exclusive fountain pen to impress their environment with high quality and exceptional design. Noticeable is, that business people emphasize to sign contracts or other important documents with special fountain pens.For this segment Lamy offers exclusive pens, with high quality and unique design which are oriented on individuals and their imagination of shape and function. For example the Lamy Al-Star, a pen made entirely of aluminium operate such professions like manager. The pen is sturdy and has the imagination of strength and power, features that are very important for successful business people. To be sure Lamy has no explicit segmentation of gender. But if we look on the latest product, the Lamy Accent, a pen with interchangeable grip and various shapes and colours we can possibly say this product respond the female segment.Women have an awareness of colours and various shapes. They can try a lot of grips to find their appropriate one and â€Å"play† with colours. Therefore this product is not only a writing instrument, but also a fashionable accessory for women. Lamy has no geographic segments for example region or country. It? s impossible to try to segment consumers in geographic aspects. There is no region or country which write more or less than the other. As well Lamy has no psychographic segmentation. We can not define people in groups who use Lamy pens because of their lifestyle or the same shared values.Pens are often seen as an routine purchase especially for schoolchildren, so a lifestyle segmentation would be not suitable for Lamy. If we focus on the behavioural aspects of market segmentation, then the benefit oriented strategy represents the important one. Lamy is famous for their quality, brand and design. People who use this pens are normally prefer a higher benefit, not only in writing but also in high quality and distinguishable design otherwise they would buy pens in a lower price segment and with a lower quality.Lamy has created a brand awareness and an brand image, thus consumers with a high brand awareness would prefer Lamy products. According to this, adults buy Lamy pens not only for their own usage but also for their children. Although most of today? s communication is no longer in handwriting, pens usage is frequently and people will always use pens, also in future. Handwriting will always be relevant and important, because each of us write letters in a different way. Sometimes we can see a persons personality from his or her writing style.This unique feature does not exist by writing on a computer. This behavioural aspect will tend people to buy pens. A price oriented strategy mean, that Lamy have to offer their products to the lowest price as their competitors. The quality would play a minor part. But the behavioural aspects of consumers would not allow Lamy to choose another strategy. With the price oriented strategy the brand image would be lost and thus the brand awareness of consumers. As we could see from the segmentation mentioned above, Lamy is successful with their current strategy and should keep it.Market Penetration The main goal of Lamy is continuously to grow and to find new niches. Therefore Lamy has doubled their sales figures to increase sells and find new users for their pens. This penetration strategy is very successful because of a good profitability and an increased turnover since the last few years. The current products and market still grow, although there is a reluctance on consumption in Germany. They should go on with this strategy, which has proved to be successful. Since 1998 they have a market share in Germany of 35% and steel see grow potential in European markets, USA ans Asia.With intensive promotion and advertising especially one month before enrolment and one month afterwards they can generate higher revenues. In this period they can convince parents to by Lamy pens for their children and further find new consumers. In the higher price segment they can find new users while bundling products. Lamy can sell the Lamy Al-Star with high quality suitcases like Rimowa or briefcase. Both the Rimowa suitcase and the Lamy Al-Star are sturdy and communicate the impression of success.The exclusive brand will be emphasized and indeed bought by people like business women or men and by users who appreciate high quality and design. To underline, only special users with high income can afford Lamy pens over 300â‚ ¬ , some of them are collectors, others only by to impress their environment. For such people the purchase will be unique. Therefore Lamy have to sell their pens in special retailer shops. Market Development The family business is famous for their innovation and high expenditures in RD. To remain competitive Lamy create fountain pens with unique shape and function to establish new markets. The Lamy Safari pen targeted the segment of ten and fifteen year old schoolchildren and consequently created a market which did not exist before. With innovations like stainless steel or anti-slipping grip Lamy has achieved a breakthrough in the market of writing instruments. Because of the corporate work with international freelance designers Lamy is steel able to find new markets. The international designers can justify their ideas on markets like Asia or USA and create pens, which correspond with the beliefs of people in this areas.Therefore Lamy did not get stuck with their design, but rather get new ideas and creativity from designers all over the world. This thought of modern world combined with writing instruments make Lamy possible to enter new markets and to grow. For that reason Lamy of course should keep and promote the corporate work with the international designers. The US market is nearly exhausted and there are definitely great producers of writing instruments with a high quality, too. Thus Lamy had to struggle with a fierce competition. According to that, it is not required to concentrate their activity on the US market.Lamy? s greatest potential exist on the European and Asia market. The company should locally corporate with speciality retailers and market their brand image. Furthermore they should not only concentrate their business on schoolchildren, but also actively invest into segments of users over fourteen and fifteen. In this target group they can gain their users over with special design and high quality. Product Development As already mentioned Lamy is very innovative and try to extend their product range. They offer an assortment of pens with different shapes and function, for example the Lamy Accent.The latest product consist of several variation in shapes and colours. Lamy always creates a pen which is not only a normal writing instrument, but also an experience while writing. They try to design something new and make a pen more attractive to people. Therefore the RD expenditure are very high but the investments are paid off. To remain competitive Lamy has to be innovative and dynamic. It is hard to compete with the internet and the latest techniques like the touchscreen, because many people think fountain pens are oldfashioned. But at school they will always be standard to promote Handwriting.Thus Lamy concentrate on design and tries to answer the expectation of their consumers. Analysis of Marketing Mix (4 Ps) Product As most of today? s communication is no longer in handwriting, Lamy should extend their product range to be also competitive with the dynamic computer- and mobile industry. First of all they should produce a professional pen which is suitable for touchscreens of the latest mobile phones or the new Apple iPad. Moreover they should try to corporate with the computer industry like Apple, consequently this corporation could open Lamy new possibilities.The new professional pen for touchscreens could be sold together with the Apple iPhone or iPad. It would definitely increase their publicity and create stronger brand awareness as Apple also stands for unique design, quality and innovation like Lamy. The positive benefit for people who use this pen would be a touchscreen out of fingerprints. Also it is possible to produce a multi-pen for the target group of ten to eighteen years old schoolchildren. On the one side of the multi-pen, there could be a normal fountain pen and on the other side a ink eraser.Thus the user have two instruments in one multi-pen and have to by only one, but get to functions of it. The sturdy and anti-slipping grip from the Lamy Safary pen could be maintained. Furthermore Lamy could extend their product range by pencil cases. Then they would not only have a depth product range but also a width. The Lamy designers also could expend their work on pencil cases and launch a new pencil case design. But in this case the attention should be paid on the manufacture. As Lamy has only one factory for the production teps of pens, they had to buy new plants or had to employed seamstresses which could cause a reorganization of the whole factory. But otherwise the turnover would be increased and Lamy pens and cases would be bundled and sold together. The other possibility would be, to outsource the production of pens cases and sell them under the name of Lamy. But the problem is, that Lamy prefer to remain their production under the complete control. And it would be questionable if the design and the quality would be met the high expectations of Lamy.If not, the brand image and brand awareness of Lamy products would be lost as the consumers always will associate Lamy with a high quality and design, which should be maintained. Price Lamy should keep it? s strategy of offering brands in different price segments, thus the complete target groups are covered. The cost effectiveness of Lamy is very good. The price for professional pens for touchscreens should start by 15â‚ ¬ upwards. Apple touch pens consequently will have a higher price, to show the high quality and to enunciate the unique brand of both.If Lamy also extend their product range by pens cases, they could combine pens and cases and sell them to a single price = â€Å"price bundling†. Thereby consumers will save money. Lamy could afford rebates before enrolment and few days after on writing instruments or sell two pens to a single price. Lamy should avoid rebates on products of the higher price segment, thus the pens will go down in value. Primarily because consumers are willing to pay a higher price for the pens. In my opinion the price of the Lamy Safari pen of 19 DM was very high, considering that it was a pen for schoolchildren.A number of parents were not capable to afford this pens for their children. But in fact Lamy found a new market which did not exist before and in this case the price was probably appropriate. Distribution Lamy? s distribution approach seems to be very successful, they are selling to speciality retailers, the main channel of this industry. Pens are sold to retailers of stationary stores like â€Å"Staples† or stores only for office equipment. Exclusive fountain pens are sold to special retailers and normally are not available in the internet shops, but only in selected stores.Finally the retailers sell Lamy pens to end-users like companies and normal consumers. Lamy has no own stores but distribute their products only to retailers. These days a lot of products are sold in internet shops and thus Lamy pens, too. Especially companies could make their purchase of office equipment conveniently through the internet shop. Lamy pens are always available in each stationary store. As a distribution strategy the company has doubled their sales figures to reach more end-users and to corporate with more retailers.This enables Lamy to sell their products almost anywhere. Lamy could distribute the touch pens in stores like â€Å"Media Markt† or Vodafone shops. In that case the provided equipment and the touch pens will be sold together. I also recommend to sell exclusive fountain pens direct to consumers. Thus the pens could be produced on order and Lamy save costs which occur by working with intermediaries. According to this Lamy could establish their own shop window beside the factory. Communication As Lamy has different target groups, they also have to be advertised in a different way.Brochures from retailers could be directly send to consumers and respond to schoolchildren especially before enrolment. Pens that more respond to business people should be advertised in the print media like â€Å"focus† or other business magazines. Also they should advertise with placards on retailer stores to steer the attention of the consumers on their products. The new touch pen of Lamy should be promoted direct to consumers in stores like Vodafone where sales persons can show them how this pen operates and which benefits occur by using a Lamy touch pen. Also it is possible to make a promotion together with a book store. Lamy could promote the idea of inspiration by using it? s fountain pens. Most of all the attention of creative people would be called. Product placement is not suitable for Lamy as an communication instrument, as the brand will not be recognized by people for example in movies. The products are to small to place them in a movie. Online shops should advertise with banner for the Lamy products to call peoples attention for innovative pens like the Lamy Accent. Special features like the interchangeable grip should have the priority when advertising, to show people the uniqueness of the brand.

Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Firm -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Firm? Answer: Introduction According to Trompenaars (2016), customer service is important in order to ensure customer satisfaction. However, certain levels of conflicts exist in business that creates an impact on the level of service provided to customers. The conflict that arises within an organisation is mostly internal and it creates a negative impact towards the customers. Services provided to customers need to be done in a stress-free environment. The stress factor is an important component that affects the performance of individuals. As observed by Jamali and Mirshak (2016) internal business conflict arising from stress usually originates from a personal or professional level of an individual. Pressure from family, peers or employer causes a person to suffer from stress and thereby have a negative impact on the performance of the individual. Consequently, the services rendered to customers are affected, as the person remains unable to focus on the work provided to them. However, other factors also exist that have an impact on the service provided to the customers. Internal conflict in business can arise from lack of motivation. Trompenaars (2016) stated that this is the most important reason for the rise of conflict as the satisfaction of the employees is essential for the proper functioning of the business. Employees and customers form the most important stakeholders of a business organisation. Hence, it is important for managers to manage the employees as well as the customers so that loyalty of both parties can be maintained. An unsatisfied employee may jeopardise the performance of a company, which in turn can hamper the satisfaction level of customers. Both these scenarios are unfavourable for a company as, without the support from the employees and the revenue from the customers, growth in a competitive market can be difficult (Khodakarami and Chan 2014). Explaining and exploring customer value assessment To ensure that customers are satisfied it is essential for managers to assess five operational performance objectives that provide customer value assessment. These include: Quality: The quality of a product or service is important for customers as most customers tend to rate a service sector based on the quality of products provided and services rendered. The quality of products needs to be best as compared to other similar business in the locality so that competitive advantage can be gained (Soltani and Navimipour 2016). At the same time, the services provided to customers need to be rendered while selling a product or after a product has been delivered. These can provide satisfaction to the customers and create an opportunity for being loyal to a particular organisation. Speed: In the modern world, people expect things to be done in a quick manner to prevent the waste of time. Hence, the delivery of the products or the rendering of services also needs to be provided in a quick manner so that customers can remain satisfied. Speedy delivery of services satisfies customers as it helps them to understand the importance and emphasis showed towards them. Moreover, customers expect speedy delivery of products to counter the anxiety that is incurred after ordering a product. Thus, speed is another objective that managers need to keep in mind to satisfy customers. Dependability: According to Kernen and Jalkala (2014), dependability of the products or services provided by an organisation justifies the reliability of the organisation. Customers trust an organisation based on the brand value it possesses and the image it has created in the market. Therefore, dependence on the products and services rendered by these organisations are more as compared with that of other organisations. However, dependability or trust of the customers needs to be earned by the organisations by providing proper products or services. Flexibility: Flexibility depends upon the versatility of the products and services. Customers prefer organisations that provide different kinds of products and maintain certain flexibility while rendering services. The flexibility in terms of services rendered can be in the form of time provided in carrying out the services. The expectations of the customers are that services need to be given to them whenever they require it (Kumar and Reinartz 2016). Cost: As stated by Bansal and Taylor (2015) apart from quality, the other most important factor based on which customers judge an organisation or a product is its cost. Customers prefer organisations and products that provide a reasonable price along with good quality. The pocket-friendly nature of the products makes it possible for customers of all social class to purchase and enjoy the items. Similarly, in the case of service provided, the cost of the services needs to be reasonable. Analysing customer assessment of McDonald's Quality: McDonalds is one of the biggest fast food restaurants in the world and it is expected that the quality of food provided by the restaurant will maintain the reputation it possesses. The quality of the food in McDonalds all across the world varies mainly due to the diverse requirements that the restaurant needs to meet in terms of managing the requirements of the customers (Mcdonalds.com. 2018). Speed: It has been seen that the customers that visit McDonalds need to indulge in self-service after ordering the food. However, the speed at which the food is prepared and delivered to the customers makes the restaurant likeable among the people. Hence, this objective of customer assessment is strongly met by McDonalds. Dependability: According to Verhoef and Lemon (2015), McDonalds holds a strong reputation in the food business. Hence, the dependability of the customers on McDonalds is more based on the reputation and the pressure it receives from the competitors. In this regard, it can be said that McDonalds have done justice to the trust imposed by the customers on the restaurant. Flexibility: This can be considered as one of the main accolades that McDonalds possess. This is because the restaurant provides flexible food items to the customers. The flexibility of the restaurant mainly can be evidenced by the change of proteins it provides in different branches. For example, the beef is replaced with chicken in the McDonald's conducting business in India (Mcdonalds.com. 2018). Cost: The price of the products of McDonalds is quite pocket-friendly as the restaurant provides opportunities for all types of customers to visit it (Tarhini, Ammar and Tarhini 2015). The target market of McDonalds is the children as the restaurant provides toys with the food that is available at the restaurant. Evaluating possible trade-off factors According to Kernen and Jalkala (2014), trade-off refers to a situation that involves lowering one service factor so that other factors can be enhanced. It involves striking a balance between the different factors that affect the customers of a restaurant or a service sector. Based on the analysis of the customer assessment of McDonalds it can be said that the weak point of the restaurant is maintaining the quality of the products. This is the main problem because of the adjustments that it has to make in different parts of the world. Apart from the choice of protein, the seasoning provided in the food is also another compromising factor for the restaurant. As stated by Christopher (2016) people residing in India or the Jamaican region prefer to consume spicy food than people residing in Europe. This adjustment sometimes compromises with the quality of the products. Thus, the trade-off factor, in this case, can be the speed at which the products are prepared. Jacobs, Chase and Lummus (2014) observed that customers sometimes tend to overlook the speed at which products are delivered if the quality is high. Hence, this is a strategy that McDonalds can use to ensure that the quality of the products is maintained. However, the service needs to be provided at a decent pace so that the customers do not become too much frustrated with the restaurant. Evaluating the importance of CRM and ERP Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is used to analyse the demands and factors that satisfy a customer. In the case of McDonalds, CRM technique can assist the restaurant by identifying ways to maintain a balance between the factors that satisfy customers. CRM provides customers with a value proposition that enables companies to be innovative (Tian and Xu 2015). In the case of McDonalds the innovation showed by the restaurant is during the festivities. For example, in the middle-east Muslim countries, the restaurant provides halal meat as the main protein during the period of Eid or Ramazan. This provides an opportunity for being innovative in the market. At the same time, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is another factor that can be utilised to ensure that satisfaction of the consumers can be maintained. Resources required for the implementation of proper quality can be analysed and based on it planning can be done. The plan needs to consider the speed at which McDonalds can de liver the products despite focusing on the quality. According to Leon (2014), ERP and CRM can ensure that McDonalds identify the perfect balance that exists while managing the customer assessment factors. Reference Bansal, H.S. and Taylor, S.F., 2015. Beyond service quality and customer satisfaction: investigating additional antecedents of service provider switching intentions. InProceedings of the 1999 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 75-82). Springer, Cham. Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Jacobs, F.R., Chase, R.B. and Lummus, R.R., 2014.Operations and supply chain management(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Jamali, D. and Mirshak, R., 2016. Business-conflict linkages: Revisiting MNCs, CSR, and conflict.Journal of Business Ethics,93(3), pp.443-464. Kernen, J. and Jalkala, A., 2014. Three strategies for customer value assessment in business markets.Management Decision,52(1), pp.79-100. Khodakarami, F. and Chan, Y.E., 2014. Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation.Information Management,51(1), pp.27-42. Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2016. Creating enduring customer value.Journal of Marketing,80(6), pp.36-68. Leon, A., 2014.Enterprise resource planning. McGraw-Hill Education. Mcdonalds.com. 2018.McDonald's: Burgers, Fries More. Quality Ingredients.. [online] Available at: https://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en-us.html [Accessed 7 Mar. 2018]. Soltani, Z. and Navimipour, N.J., 2016. Customer relationship management mechanisms: a systematic review of the state of the art literature and recommendations for future research.Computers in Human Behavior,61, pp.667-688. Tarhini, A., Ammar, H. and Tarhini, T., 2015. Analysis of the critical success factors for enterprise resource planning implementation from stakeholders perspective: A systematic review.International Business Research,8(4), p.25. Tian, F. and Xu, S.X., 2015. How Do Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Affect Firm Risk? Post-Implementation Impact.Mis Quarterly,39(1). Trompenaars, F., 2016. Resolving international conflict: Culture and business strategy.London Business School Review,7(3), pp.51-68. Verhoef, P.C. and Lemon, K.N., 2015. Advances in customer value management.Handbook of Research in Relationship Marketing, pp.75-103.